Hapten-enhanced overall survival time in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma by ultro-minimum incision personalized intratumoral chemoimmunotherapy

Hapten-enhanced overall survival time in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma by ultro-minimum incision personalized intratumoral chemoimmunotherapy Feng Gao,2 Peng Jing,2 Jian Liu,2 Yuanfei Lu,1 Peicheng Zhang,2 Wei Han,1 Guoliang Liu,1 Ning Ru,2 Guanghui Cui,2 Chenglin Sun,1 Yebing Che,1 Huaming Zhang,1 Qnglong Hu,3 Huan-you Wang,4 Yingli Wu,2 Changjiang Guan,2 Qiang Fu,1 Zhenlu Ma,2 Baofa Yu1–3 1Jinan Baofa Cancer Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China; 2TaiMei Baofa Cancer Hospital, Dongping, People's Republic of China; 3Beijing Baofa Cancer Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USAPurpose: To compare the therapeutic effects of ultra-minimum incision personalized intratumoral chemoimmunotherapy (UMIPIC) with intratumoral chemotherapy (ITCT) in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinomas and to analyze the effect of hapten as an immune booster.Materials and methods: Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinomas were treated with UMIPIC or ITCT with the same therapeutic procedure; the UMIPIC method had a proprietary regimen including an oxidant, a cytotoxic drug, and hapten, while ITCT delivered the same drug excluding hapten. Of 339 patients in total, 119 of the UMIPIC patients (n